Hello everyone!
こんにちは！
You're able to read it, aren't you?
If you need to learn Japanese letters please read my previous post Let's learn Japanese letter!.
By the way, I do remember the first time I've learnt English.
Did I learn how to say Hello? How to introduce myself?
What I've learnt first time was how to say ''This is a pen!''
Maybe most Japanese people answer the same question like this.
I've never said ''this is a pen'' in my real life.hehe
But This is gonna be your basic sentence structure.
Let's see how it works in Japanese.
''This is a pen'' Subject + Verb + (Article) Object
''これはぺんです'' Subject +(Kind of Particle) + Object + Verb
* これ means 'this'
ぺん means 'pen'
です means 'to be'
Japanese sentence is structured as S + O + V basically.
Dose that sentence in Japanese need article before Object?
Not really.
If you wanna mention about amount of it you can say 'これはいっぽんのぺんです'.
*いっぽん means one pen/tree/etc..
Oh well, we have to learn how to count various things.
You feel excited, don't you? hehe
Anyway, you don't have to think about a,an and the in Japanese basically.
Let me say again.
'これはぺんです'
What dose it mean?
Yes, it means 'This is a pen'.
Let me give you some vocabulary.
*ほん means Book
いぬ means Dog
みず means Water
くるま means Car
Now let's practice using these words above.
'これはなんですか？'( What is this?)
How can you answer it?
Please write your answer down on a peace of paper or something.
I would say 'これはみずです'.
A glass of water? Some water????
Like I said you don't have to think about amount in this case.
And other thing, let me explain you what 「だ」and 「です」are and how to use them.
They are used to declare what something is just like [To be] in English.
For example, 'I am fine' you can say 'わたしは、げんきです/だ。
They are the same meaning but です is more polite than だ.
In my view as Japanese, we do not use だ that much while we basically use です.
Because in Japanese when speaking to a teacher, your boss, people who is older than you even 1 year, or you're not familiar you should use the polite form which is called 丁寧語(ていねいご).
This is the one of complicated Japanese grammar. We distinguish polite form, respectful form and honorific form when we speak to people.
Probably you've heard of it. But you don't have to think about it for now.
Because basic is basically polite. hehe
「だ」「です」 could be attached to noun or adjective and used for expresses present and future.
As for example,
It is an apple. それは、りんごです。
It is beautiful. それは、きれいです。
And here is a tip. We tend to omit Subject such as 'It' especially when answer.
Is it an apple? それは、りんごですか？
Yes, (it) is an apple. はい、りんごです。
Is it beautiful? それは、きれいですか？
Yes, (it) is beautiful. はい、きれいです。
Just notice that In English, [to be] is used to declare what it is or where it is.
For example, He is a student. He is at school. Right?
However, In Japanese 「だ」and「です」is used to declare only what it is.
You can say 'かれは学生です。(He is a student)' but you can't say 'かれは学校です。'.
If you want to say 'He is at school' you can say 'かれは学校にいます。'
This is an another grammar so I'm going to explain it in another lesson. :)
Now let's do some exercises! :)
Let me give you some vocabularies.
*彼(かれ)[n] he
彼女(かのじょ)[n] she
これ[d] this
あれ[d] that
子ども（こども)[n] child/children
大人(おとな)[n] adult
友達(ともだち)[n] friend/s
車(くるま)[n] car/s
魚(さかな)[n] fish
お肉(おにく)[n] meat
1.He is a child. かれは ・・・・・。
2.She is an adult. かのじょは ・・・・・。
3.He is my friend. かれは わたしの・・・・・・。
4.That is a car. あれは ・・・・・。
5.This is a fish. ・・・ ・・・・・。
6.This is a meat. ・・・ ・・・・・。
How was today's lesson?
「だ」and「です」 are used for expresses present and future.
So when speaking about past and negative they change their form.
But it's not too difficult if you understand today's lesson. :)
Oh, do not mention about my English. XD
I'll also improve my English to teach you guys Japanese language.
If I make a mistake please correct me. :)
Making a mistake is the best way to learn new things. :)
Let's study together!!
Thank you.
ありがとうございました！
The answer :)
1.He is a child. かれは こどもです。
2.She is an adult. かのじょは おとなです。
3.He is my friend. かれは わたしのともだちです。
4.That is a car. あれは くるまです。
5.This is a fish. これは さかなです。
6.This is a meat. これは おにくです。
How was that?
I know how difficult learning 2nd language is.
I'm also learning English as my 2nd language.
So let's study together!!
I'm pretty sure You'll get better step by step.
ありがとうございました (*'ω'*)
I have a lesson video for Hiragana Reading on YouTube.
Please check it too :)
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